{"id":40278,"date":"2019-11-12T08:26:37","date_gmt":"2019-11-12T07:26:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/?p=40278"},"modified":"2023-02-22T17:14:11","modified_gmt":"2023-02-22T16:14:11","slug":"joint-study-shows-sex-specific-processes-in-schizophrenia-and-bipolar-disorder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/en\/english\/joint-study-shows-sex-specific-processes-in-schizophrenia-and-bipolar-disorder\/","title":{"rendered":"Joint study shows sex-specific processes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/beitragsbild_Lobentanzer_pm-225.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40158\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/beitragsbild_Lobentanzer_pm-225.jpg 650w, https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/beitragsbild_Lobentanzer_pm-225-300x208.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><figcaption>The illustration shows a network of 212 microRNAs and their 12,495 targeted genes, deconstructed into four fields according to their sex-specific changes. (Copyright: Sebastian Lobentanzer)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Recent studies have found a high genetic similarity of the psychiatric diseases schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, whose disease-specific changes in brain cells show an overlap of more than 70 percent. These changes affect gene expression, i.e., transcription of genes for the purpose of translation into functional proteins. A collaborative study carried out by the Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy at Goethe University (Professor Jochen Klein) and the Institute of Neurosciences at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Professor Hermona Soreq) now shows sex-specific biases in these changes, as well as in cellular control mechanisms based on endogenous short ribonucleic acid (RNA) chains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The scientists identified an important\nrole of microRNAs, a special group of these small RNA molecules, known for\ntheir extensive control of gene expression in all human cells. Targeting of a\ngene by one of these microRNAs can lead to a significant restriction of its\nexpression. \u201cThe main problem is the enormous variety of possible combinations,\u201d\nsays Sebastian Lobentanzer, lead author of the article published in the journal\nCell Reports. \u201cThe human expresses about 2,500 of these microRNAs, and a single\none can influence hundreds, maybe even thousands of genes.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For this reason, the researchers\ninvestigated gene expression in patient brains as well as human cultured nerve\ncells with a combination of RNA sequencing and bioinformatics. They found a\ndifference in the expression of immune-related genes between men and women,\nespecially with regard to cytokines, the messenger substances of immune cells. Upon\nexposition of the cultured male and female neuronal cells to some of these\ncytokines, the researchers found a transformation of nerve cells into to cholinergic\nneurons, defined by their use of the neurotransmitter \u201cacetylcholine\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By sequencing the microRNAs at several time\npoints during this process, the scientists were able to paint a detailed\npicture of the microRNA interface between the immune and neuronal systems. They\nidentified the involvement of 17 partially sex-dependent families of microRNAs\nand generated an extensive network of 12,495 regulated genes. Using a multi-stage\nselection process, the most influential of these microRNA families were\nidentified and confirmed in dedicated experiments. This led to the\nidentification of the two sex-specifically expressed families mir-10 and\nmir-199 as interface between cytokines and cholinergic functions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Psychiatric diseases are an important field for new therapeutic approaches because of their high genetic complexity and their inaccessibility to conventional forms of therapy. On the one hand, the current study demonstrates molecular parallels to the long-observed but previously unexplained clinical differences between disease-affected men and women. On the other hand, mechanisms on the basis of small RNA molecules could open up new avenues by influencing a large number of disease-relevant genes \u2013 a promising approach in the search for alternatives to traditional antipsychotic drugs. \u201cStudies such as ours, which enable a comprehensive representation of microRNA interactions, are the first step on the path to developing new therapeutic substances,\u201d says Lobentanzer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background has-very-light-gray-background-color\"><strong>Publication:<\/strong> Lobentanzer S, Hanin G, Klein J &amp; Soreq H (2019). Integrative Transcriptomics Reveals Sexually Dimorphic Control of the Cholinergic\/Neurokine Interface in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder. CellReports. ElsevierCompany. 1\u201319. doi: 10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.09.017. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background has-very-light-gray-background-color\"><strong>Further information:<\/strong> Sebastian Lobentanzer, research scientist; Professor Jochen Klein; Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Riedberg Campus; <a href=\"mailto:lobentanzer@em.uni-frankfurt.de\">lobentanzer@em.uni-frankfurt.de<\/a>, <a href=\"mailto:klein@em.uni-frankfurt.de\">klein@em.uni-frankfurt.de<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/slobentanzer.github.io\/cholinergic-neurokine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (\u00f6ffnet in neuem Tab)\">https:\/\/slobentanzer.github.io\/cholinergic-neurokine<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Recent studies have found a high genetic similarity of the psychiatric diseases schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, whose disease-specific changes in brain cells show an overlap of more than 70 percent. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":40158,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[126,254],"tags":[245],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-40278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english","category-research","tag-pharmacy"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Joint study shows sex-specific processes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder | Aktuelles aus der Goethe-Universit\u00e4t Frankfurt<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/en\/english\/joint-study-shows-sex-specific-processes-in-schizophrenia-and-bipolar-disorder\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Joint study shows sex-specific processes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder | Aktuelles aus der Goethe-Universit\u00e4t Frankfurt\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Recent studies have found a high genetic similarity of the psychiatric diseases schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, whose disease-specific changes in brain cells show an overlap of more than 70 percent. 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