{"id":44021,"date":"2020-05-06T17:44:13","date_gmt":"2020-05-06T15:44:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/?p=44021"},"modified":"2023-02-22T16:08:42","modified_gmt":"2023-02-22T15:08:42","slug":"heat-loving-bacteria-use-various-tiny-surface-hairs-for-movement-and-dna-reception","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/en\/english\/heat-loving-bacteria-use-various-tiny-surface-hairs-for-movement-and-dna-reception\/","title":{"rendered":"Heat-loving bacteria use various tiny surface hairs for movement and DNA reception"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"370\" src=\"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/pm_Bakterien_Pili_english_www_aduka_de-1024x370.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-44023\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/pm_Bakterien_Pili_english_www_aduka_de-1024x370.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/pm_Bakterien_Pili_english_www_aduka_de-300x108.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/pm_Bakterien_Pili_english_www_aduka_de-768x277.jpg 768w, https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/pm_Bakterien_Pili_english_www_aduka_de-1536x555.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/pm_Bakterien_Pili_english_www_aduka_de-2048x739.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Bacteria of the species Thermus thermophilus possess different tiny hairs (pili) which are used either to capture DNA or for motion. This has been discovered by scientists at Goethe University Frankfurt and the University of Exeter. Graphic: aduka, Agency Frankfurt am Main(www.aduka.de) for Goethe University Frankfurt.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bacteria of the species <em>Thermus thermophilus <\/em>possess two types\nof extensions on their surface (pili) for the purpose of motion and for\ncapturing and absorbing DNA from their environment. This has been discovered by\nresearchers at Goethe University together with researchers in Great Britain.\nThe discovery of the motion pilus helps to better understand the functionality\nof the DNA-capturing pilus functions. (Nature Communications, DOI 10.1038\/s41467-020-15650-w)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The bacteria <em>Thermus thermophilus<\/em> likes it hot. It was first discovered in the\nhot springs at Izu in Japan, where it thrives at an optimal temperature of\nabout 65 degrees Celsius. Like all bacteria, <em>Thermus thermophilus<\/em> has developed mechanisms to adjust to changing\nenvironmental conditions. The bacteria changes its genetic material by\nexchanging DNA with other bacteria, or absorbing DNA fragments from its\nenvironment. These might come from dead bacteria cells, plants or animals. The\nbacteria incorporate the DNA fragments into their genetic material and keep it if\nthe DNA proves useful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Microbiologists at Goethe University led\nby Professor Beate Averhoff from the Molecular Microbiology &amp; Bioenergetics\nof the Department of Molecular Biosciences together with a team of scientists\nled by Dr Vicky Gold from the \u201cLiving Systems\u201d Institute of the University of\nExeter in Great Britain have now studied the tiny hairs (called pili) on the\nsurface of the <em>Thermus<\/em> bacteria. The\nscientists discovered that there are two types of pili with different\nfunctions. High-resolution electron microscope images from Great Britain allow\nthick and thin pili to be distinguished, and the Frankfurt scientists used\nbiochemical and molecular biological methods to demonstrate that the thick pili\nare for DNA capture, and the thin pili for moving on surfaces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe want to find out exactly how <em>Thermus thermophilus<\/em> absorbs DNA from\nits environment using its pili, as the precise mechanism is unknown,\u201d explains\nProfessor Beate Averhoff from the Institute for Molecular Biosciences at Goethe\nUniversity. \u201cThrough our most recent investigations we have learned that <em>Thermus <\/em>bacteria have distinct pili for\nmotion. Therefore, the thick pili possibly serve the purpose of DNA absorption,\nwhich demonstrates how important this process is for the bacteria. In our\nstructure analyses we also found an area on the thick pili where DNA could bind.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The interplay of electron microscopy and\nmolecular biology also allowed the scientists to better understand the\nmechanics of the pili. For both motion and DNA absorption, pili have to be\ndynamic, i.e., able to be extended and retracted. \u201cFor the first time, the high\nresolution structure of both pili gave us insights not only into the structure\nof the pili, but also into the dynamics,\u201d Averhoff explains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since pili are widespread and in\npathogenic bacteria are also responsible for attaching to the host, this may\nlead to new points of attack for preventing infectious processes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background has-very-light-gray-background-color\"><strong>Publication: <\/strong>Alexander Neuhaus, Muniyandi Selvaraj, Ralf Salzer, Julian D. Langer, Kerstin Kruse, Lennart Kirchner, Kelly Sanders, Bertram Daum, Beate Averhoff, Vicki A. M. Gold (2020). Cryo-electron microscopy reveals two distinct type-IV pili assembled by the same bacterium. Nature Communications, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-15650-w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-15650-w (\u00f6ffnet in einem neuem Tab)\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-15650-w<\/a> )<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bacteria of the species Thermus thermophilus possess two types of extensions on their surface (pili) for the purpose of motion and for capturing and absorbing DNA from their environment. This [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":44018,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[126,254],"tags":[246],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-44021","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english","category-research","tag-biological-sciences"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Heat-loving bacteria use various tiny surface hairs for movement and DNA reception | Aktuelles aus der Goethe-Universit\u00e4t Frankfurt<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/en\/english\/heat-loving-bacteria-use-various-tiny-surface-hairs-for-movement-and-dna-reception\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Heat-loving bacteria use various tiny surface hairs for movement and DNA reception | Aktuelles aus der Goethe-Universit\u00e4t Frankfurt\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bacteria of the species Thermus thermophilus possess two types of extensions on their surface (pili) for the purpose of motion and for capturing and absorbing DNA from their environment. 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