{"id":84190,"date":"2025-05-28T15:42:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-28T13:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/?p=84190"},"modified":"2025-05-28T16:45:18","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T14:45:18","slug":"emotional-iconoclasm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/en\/english\/emotional-iconoclasm\/","title":{"rendered":"Emotional Iconoclasm"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Nimrod Hurvitz is a visiting researcher at Goethe University\u2019s Forschungskolleg Humanwissenschaften \u2013 Institute of Advanced Studies, focusing on the topic of \u201cTargeting Archaeology: Emotions and Agendas Behind IS\u2019s Heritage Destruction\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>UniReport: Professor Hurvitz, why were archaeologists so confused by the destruction committed by the Islamic State? What made this destruction so special, given that humiliating the enemy has always been part of military strategy?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/nimrod-hurvitz-650x450px.jpg\" alt=\"Nimrod Hurvitz, Photo: Stefanie Wetzel\" class=\"wp-image-83961\" style=\"width:397px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/nimrod-hurvitz-650x450px.jpg 650w, https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/nimrod-hurvitz-650x450px-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/nimrod-hurvitz-650x450px-500x346.jpg 500w, https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/nimrod-hurvitz-650x450px-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nimrod Hurvitz, Photo: Stefanie Wetzel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nimrod Hurvitz:<\/strong> Between 2014 and 2016, the terrorist organization IS (Islamic State), which had taken control of territories across the Middle East, systematically destroyed significant portions of the religious and cultural heritage in Syria and Iraq. Targets included archaeological sites, museum artifacts, mosques, churches, shrines, and cemeteries. When news of this cultural devastation reached archaeologists, international organization staff, and cultural heritage advocates, it sparked outrage. However, some archaeologists criticized the way this destruction was condemned and the focus on damage assessments, arguing that such attention only encouraged IS to intensify their campaign of destruction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After the wave of destruction subsided, scholars began investigating why IS invested its scarce resources into the destruction of cultural property. Researchers identified several valid reasons: IS sought to attract radical Muslim followers, humiliate Western powers and regional authorities, and demoralize local populations. Most observers and analysts conclude that IS considers the destruction of cultural heritage part of a calculated strategy designed to shock its enemies and throw them off balance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How would you describe your approach to understanding the motivation(s) behind IS\u2019s actions? What is your methodology, and what sources do you use?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The research project \u201cTargeting Archaeology: Emotions and Agendas Behind IS\u2019s Heritage Destruction\u201d, which I am conducting during my stay at the Forschungskolleg Humanwissenschaften in collaboration with Professor Hagit Nol\u2019s project \u201cIslamic Archaeology and Art History\u201d, examines the destruction campaign through a new lens \u2013 that of the history of emotions. This approach assumes that collective emotions \u2013 such as patriotism, feelings of group superiority, racism, moral panic, or the fear of epidemics \u2013 play a crucial role in social and political dynamics. Applying this historiographical method allows us to deepen our scholarly understanding of IS as a movement driven by emotion. It explores how emotions contributed to the rise of the Islamic State, shaped its policies (especially at the peak of its power and during the establishment of the caliphate), and influenced how it dealt with failure, i.e. the fall of the caliphate. This emotional perspective adds critical insights to existing strategic and ideological analyses of the group\u2019s destruction campaign.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The project specifically investigates how the destruction campaign affected the perpetrators themselves. Rather than analyzing how these acts of cultural annihilation impacted victims \u2014 such as local populations, militias, national armies, or global powers \u2014 this study examines in how far participating in this destruction stemmed from and shaped the emotions of IS members: Did staging these acts of destruction empower them? How did iconoclastic acts strengthen group cohesion? To what extent did destroying cultural property give members a heightened sense of purpose and historical significance? By focusing on the emotional dynamics of the destruction instead of its external effects, this study offers a new perspective on IS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To answer these questions, the study first examines the targeted sites and artifacts. It then explores how IS discussed and used these acts, following on by framing the destruction within IS\u2019s ideology and emotional manipulation. It\u2019s important to note that in IS\u2019s worldview, emotion and ideology are deeply intertwined \u2013 as illustrated, for example, by the principle of \u201c<em>al-wal\u0101\u02be wa-l-bar\u0101<\/em>\u02be\u201d (\u201cloyalty and disavowal\u201d), which demands total devotion to fellow believers and active hatred toward outsiders. This emotional dichotomy is reinforced with historical examples, like when IS members are encouraged to emulate Abraham, who, according to monotheistic tradition, destroyed his family\u2019s idols to reject polytheism. This provides the theological justification for contemporary acts of cultural destruction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>If we better understand IS\u2019s motivations, could that help us develop strategies to protect cultural heritage more effectively? Or is that merely wishful thinking?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Studying cultural destruction reveals several deep layers of IS\u2019s worldview and helps us better understand a movement that played a central role in Middle Eastern civil wars and inflicted trauma on the region\u2019s people. Beyond the local impact, IS\u2019s violence triggered waves of migration to Europe and as a result has since shaped European politics. By investigating its targeted attacks on religious and cultural landscapes, we can uncover the emotional and ideological foundations of a movement whose influence extends far beyond the Middle East.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some might wonder whether such an understanding can lead to policies that reduce IS\u2019s destructive power and mitigate the damage it caused. Honestly speaking \u2013 I doubt it. However, research can help inform political strategies aimed at weakening IS \u2013 particularly in how we deal with individuals who are complicit but not fully committed to the group or its ideology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How have you found your time at Forschungskolleg Humanwissenschaften and the exchange with other researchers so far?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Forschungskolleg Humanwissenschaften offers an excellent environment for research. The staff\u2019s professionalism and warmth make the stay both smooth and enjoyable. The discussions with other fellows \u2013 many of whom are researching different political crises of our time \u2013 are often insightful and always collegial. I can\u2019t imagine a more supportive research environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee\"><strong>Nimrod Hurvitz<\/strong> teaches at the Department of Middle East Studies at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. He is in Frankfurt at the invitation of <strong>Hagit Nol<\/strong>, Junior Professor of Islamic Archaeology at Goethe University Frankfurt. His stay is supported by the Volkswagen Foundation-funded project \u201cIslamic Archaeology and Art History\u201d (IAAH).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nimrod Hurvitz is a visiting researcher at Goethe University\u2019s Forschungskolleg Humanwissenschaften \u2013 Institute of Advanced Studies, focusing on the topic of \u201cTargeting Archaeology: Emotions and Agendas Behind IS\u2019s Heritage Destruction\u201d. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":83961,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[126],"tags":[278,402],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-84190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english","tag-interview-en","tag-unireport-2-25"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Emotional Iconoclasm | Aktuelles aus der Goethe-Universit\u00e4t Frankfurt<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/en\/english\/emotional-iconoclasm\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Emotional Iconoclasm | Aktuelles aus der Goethe-Universit\u00e4t Frankfurt\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nimrod Hurvitz is a visiting researcher at Goethe University\u2019s Forschungskolleg Humanwissenschaften \u2013 Institute of Advanced Studies, focusing on the topic of \u201cTargeting Archaeology: Emotions and Agendas Behind IS\u2019s Heritage Destruction\u201d. 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