{"id":87808,"date":"2026-03-26T19:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-26T18:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/?p=87808"},"modified":"2026-03-26T20:22:27","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T19:22:27","slug":"evolution-in-fast-forward-how-thale-cress-adapts-or-goes-extinct","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aktuelles.uni-frankfurt.de\/en\/english\/evolution-in-fast-forward-how-thale-cress-adapts-or-goes-extinct\/","title":{"rendered":"Evolution in Fast-Forward: How Thale Cress Adapts \u2013 or Goes Extinct"},"content":{"rendered":"

In an unprecedented field experiment, an international research team led by Goethe University Frankfurt, the University of California, Berkeley, and CNRS Montpellier investigated the evolutionary adaptation of thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) to a wide range of climates, from the Alps to the Negev Desert. At 30 locations worldwide, team members sowed the plants, monitored their development, and analyzed genetic changes. The result: many Arabidopsis populations rapidly adapted to local climates \u2013 some, however, went extinct. The findings demonstrate how genetic diversity ensures population survival.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"Lehrt
Genetic diversity ensures survival: thale cress, Arabidopsis thaliana<\/em>. \u00a9 Niek Scheepens, Goethe University Frankfurt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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The large-scale experiment began in autumn 2017 with 360 small plastic tubes containing a mixture of Arabidopsis thaliana <\/em>seeds, an inconspicuous annual plant with small white flowers. The tubes were shipped to 30 locations across Western and Northern Europe, the Mediterranean region, and the United States. At each site, biologists from a global network sowed the seeds in twelve plots, each about a quarter of a square meter, establishing twelve Arabidopsis <\/em>populations. These populations persisted into the following year thanks to their seeds.
For up to five years, researchers monitored plant growth and performance and collected tissue samples annually for genetic analysis. Their shared goal: to trace how plants evolve to adapt to highly diverse environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"In
In je zw\u00f6lf Beeten von einem Viertel QuadThale cress plants grew in twelve plots, each one-quarter of a square meter. \u00a9 Niek Scheepens, Goethe University Frankfurt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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The network \u201cGenomics of Rapid Evolution in Novel Environment\u201d (GrENE-net) was launched in 2016 by Niek Scheepens, Professor of Plant Evolutionary Ecology at Goethe University Frankfurt, together with Dr. Fran\u00e7ois Vasseur of the Centre d\u2019\u00c9cologie Fonctionelle et \u00c9volutive in Montpellier and Professor Mois\u00e9s Exp\u00f3sito-Alonso of the University of California, Berkeley.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plant samples from the first three years have now been genetically analyzed by the U.S. team. The result: in most climate zones, populations survived and adapted to their local environmental conditions. This became evident through millions of changes across their entire set of genes\u2014the genome. Many of these genomic changes were statistically similar across all twelve populations at a given site. Moreover, sites with similar climates exhibited similar genetic changes, affecting genes related to traits such as drought tolerance or flowering time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"Jedes
Each year during flowering, tissue samples were collected from all plants for genetic analysis. \u00a9 Niek Scheepens, Goethe University Frankfurt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Scheepens explains: \u201cBoth findings show how climate exerts evolutionary selection pressure, favoring genes and gene variants that help the plant better adapt to its environment.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, some thale cress populations \u2013 mostly at particularly hot and dry sites \u2013 went extinct after three years, leaving their plots barren. Genome analyses revealed that strong genetic fluctuations had preceded these extinctions, and the twelve populations did not evolve in the same direction. Scheepens notes: \u201cIn these populations, random changes apparently dominated due to the relatively small population size within each plot. Instead of successful adaptation, so-called \u2018genetic drift\u2019 prevailed.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"Die
The sites varied in climate, ranging from mountains to desert. \u00a9 Jean-Gabriel Valay, Jardin du Lautaret<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Evolutionary ecologist Niek Scheepens concludes: \u201cWith this experiment, we can watch evolution unfold almost in real time. It demonstrates that evolutionary adaptation can occur very rapidly \u2013 provided sufficient genetic diversity is present. Rare plant species with small populations and low genetic diversity are therefore poorly equipped to cope with environmental changes, including climate change. Overall, our experiment is a compelling appeal to preserve biodiversity: diversity ensures survival.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Publication:<\/strong> Xing Wu, Tatiana Bellagio, Yunru Peng, Lucas Czech, Meixi Lin, Patricia Lang, Ruth Epstein, Mohamed Abdelaziz, Jake Alexander, Carlos Alonso- Blanco, Heidi Lie Andersen, Modesto Berbel, Joy Bergelson, Oliver Bossdorf, Liana Burghardt, Mireille Caton- Darby, Robert Colautti, Carolin Delker, Panayiotis G. Dimitrakopoulos, Kathleen Donohue, Walter Durka, Gema Escribano- Avila, Steven J. Franks, Felix B. Fritschi, Alexandros Galanidis, Alfredo Garcia-Fern\u00e1ndez, Ana Garc\u00eda- Mu\u00f1oz, Elena Hamann, Allison Hutt, Jos\u00e9 M. Iriondo, Thomas E. Juenger, Stephen R. Keller, Karin Koehl, Arthur Korte, Pamela Korte, Alexander Kutschera, Carlos Lara-Romero, Laura Leventhal, Daniel Maag, Arnald Marcer, Mart\u00ed March- Salas, Juliette de Meaux, Bel\u00e9n M\u00e9ndez-Vigo, Javier Morente-L\u00f3pez, Timothy C. Morton, Zuzana M\u00fcnzbergova, Anne Muola, Hanna Akiko Nomoto, Meelis P\u00e4rtel, F. Xavier Pic\u00f3, Brandie Quarles- Chidyagwai, Marcel Quint, Niklas Reichelt, Agnieszka Rudak, Johanna Schmitt, Gregor Schmitz, Merav Seifan, Basten L. Snoek, Remco Stam, Marc Stift, John R. Stinchcombe, Mark A. Taylor, Peter Tiffin, Ir\u00e8ne Till-Bottraud, Anna Traveset, Jean- Gabriel Valay, Martijn Van Zanten, Vigdis Vandvik, Cyrille Violle, Detlef Weigel, Maciej W\u00f3dkiewicz, Fran\u00e7ois Vasseur, J. F. Scheepens, Moises Exposito- Alonso. Rapid adaptation and extinction in synchronized outdoor evolution experiments of Arabidopsis. Science<\/strong> (2026) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.adz0777<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Background information: <\/strong>GrENE-net project website \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Contact:<\/strong>
Professor J.F. Niek Scheepens
Evolutionary Ecology of Plants
Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity
Department of Biological Sciences
Goethe University Frankfurt
Tel. +49 (0)69 798-42132
Scheepens@bio.uni-frankfurt.de<\/a>
https:\/\/www.bio.uni-frankfurt.de\/96381923\/J_F__Niek_Scheepens<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In an unprecedented field experiment, an international research team led by Goethe University Frankfurt, the University of California, Berkeley, and CNRS Montpellier investigated the evolutionary adaptation of thale cress (Arabidopsis 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